Handle retaining structure for doors



Jan. 10, 1950 F. M. LAMBERT HANDLE RETAINING STRUCTURE FOR DOORSFiledDec. 4, 1946 5 Sheets-Sheet l :zzd

Jan. 10, 1950 F. M. LAMBERT 2,493,980

' HANDLE RETAINING STRUCTURE FOR DOORS Filed Dec. 4, 1946 3 Sheets-Sheet2 &2g

0 a 1 J .557 o 21 o a1 7 j 7 /'7Z gvwc/w'iom Jan. 10, 1950 F. M. LAMBERTHANDLE RETAINING STRUCTURE FOR DOORS 3 Sheets-$heet 3 Filed Dec. 4, 1946Patented Jan. 10, 1950 Erancis M. wLambert, Narberth, 2a., jassignor rtio iHein'tz 'Manufacturing Company, Philadelphia, :Pa.,.a corporationof Pennsylvania ApplicationvDecem-ber 4, 194.6, SerialjNo.:7'13,9c7 5This invention relates to .door structures \of' the typein whichadoor isurged tightly against a door frame by means of a plurality ofdogs,oandmore particulafly to aniarrangement whereby the dogs and theiroperating linkage are maintained in their .undogged posit-ions.comlpletely clear of the passagewaythrough thedoor jrame when thedoor-sis in other than its-closed position.

Doors of the vt -pesto which the invention. is .applicableaare foundparticularly useful ior use on ships ,to provide water-tight closuresfor passageways through bulkheads. Insuch applications it isparticularly desirable that the-dogging mechanism .be retained inlundogged position except when the door is .shut in 'order to assurethat the dogging mechanism -.does not become, for any "reason, moved ;toits dogging position. lSuch .movement of the dogging mechanism is to beavoided due to the fact that in the dogged position the ;.passagewaythrough. :the door is blocked partly .by theedogwmechanism .lAnother andeven .moreimportant treason :ilor retaining the dog mechanism ,inundogged position when the door .is not jlosedisthat in case thewdo ginmechanismlshould be alloyed to ,the dogged position while theldoorisopenland it then becomes necessary to tclosefthe water-tightdoor ina-.;great hurry, as, for example, in the ,caseofldamage to the ship,valuable seconds will he? lost'lin moving the dogs clear of thetdoorwayso .that the door canbe closed. With the-mechanism which IThav-eprovided, it is assured that lthedogging mechanism will always -beposition to ,permit the door to be closed without delay 7 An object ofmy invention .is to provide a mechanism "for .use with .door doggingarrangements which will assure that the dogging .arrangement remains in'the .undogged. position when the door is not l shut.

Another object of 'the'invention is to provide a doQrJdQggiIIgmechaniSmretainingndeyicewhich cooperates with an operating handle of themechanism "to ,prevent .movemerit .o'flthelhandle to the doggingposition whenitheidoor. is open.

A'Turther obj ect ,o'f ;the.'inuention. is lto provide 'airetainingmechanism lasireierredtdaloove which is particularly applicable to ldooroonstructions or the type in which all oi the idogsand interconnecting"linkage ;are mounted .on the .door

above which .includesa resiliently .lmounted piece cooperating .withcanoperating handle-iorthe dog controlling,linkageand normally urged to aretaming position. The pieceis movableiby contact with the door itselftona door hand-lewreleasing position when 13116 11091 is shut..Becausetoj theifact that the iresilient .means Twhich'ope-rates thedetent tends ...to reopen ltheidoor unless it is dogged shut immediatelyafter it is closed, a resilient temporary latch .is provided forovercoming this tendency on the part of the resilient means whichoperates the retainer. .The temporary latch obviates ,the :neoessityfor. holding the --door shot by hand-after vthe .door is closed butbefore thedogs tare eswung, to: their do ging positions,

These and other .objects-of-the invention will be apparent from the;iollowinglspeeification-of the accompanying drawings, in which:

'Figure 1 .is .an-routside view of a vdoor construction'of themulti-dog-type provided withthe retaining means of the invention andshowing the dogs in their dogged positions; Y Y Figure .2 is a viewsimilar to Figure -1 :but showing vthe dogs in theiriindoggedzpositions;

Figure 3-is1a viewsimilarto Figure ,l rbuttaken from the inside of thedoor;

Figure A is 2 a view similar toiEligure "2 but take from theinside-ofi-lthemdoor;

Figure 5 is -a detail perspective view of the mechanism for holding :a 1dog operating handle, and thereby the .dog ,in their .undoggedpositions, the. door beingropen the figure;

Figure 6 is la view :similar to Figure 5 but showing the door shutla-ndthe operating handle and dogs still in their undogged positions; and

Figure 7 is.-a detail ;.perspective view of a temporary latch for usewithdoors of .thetype shown in the preceding :figures and operable :toovercome the tendency of the resilient means which operates theretaining piece to move the door to an 61361'1-DOSiti0flfift81'th6door-isrclosed but be-'- fore the dogs are, swimgettothei-rsdoggingpositions.

While the preferredembodiment For the invention shown in the drawingsand described herein ,refers :to use of the invention on ship: hoard,itshould Joe pointed out thatthexinven: tion-is not.limited-tosuchausebut hasapplication to other embodiments such as.refrigeratordoors and other closures.

In the drawings there is shown a bulkhead NJ in which-is mounted-a doorframe H which car ries a door l2 hymeans othinges 51 3'. .Do or-:li-2'has on its .inside-ssurface *agplnrality 10f -spaced horizontalwreinforcinglribs i! 2a sand fa ihandle 12b which permits pulling thedoor shut from the inside. Hinges |3 may be of any suitable type but asshown herein are of the type described in my co-pending application,Serial No. 614,841, filed September 7, 1946, now Patent No. 2,482,983dated September 27,1949, as such hinges are particularly useful inconstructions of this type.

The door is provided at eight spaced points about its periphery witharcuate cams I4 which are engaged by dogs I 5 pivotally mounted on thedoor frame II for urging the door I2 tightly against the door frame. Indoors of this type it is conventional for the door to be slightly largerin dimensions than the opening through the door frame so as to overlapslightly the inner edge of the frame. The overlapping edge portion ofthe door is conventionally provided with a gasket I6 (Figure 7) whichengages a flange I1 around the inner edge of the door frame II toprovide a water-tight seal when the dooris closed tightly.

Each dog I5 comprises an arm which extends radially from a hub I8 keyedto a spindle I9 which 'is journalled in a suitable water-tight mannerwithin a spindle carrying cylinder 20 welded to,

and extending on both sides of door frame II.

On the inner side of the door frame I I as shown in Figures 3 and 4, dogoperating lever arms 2| and 22 are welded to the ends of the spindles,the arms 2I being merely straight bars, while the arms 22 are T-shapedbars and are used in con.- junction with two upper corner dogs. Asuitable nut 23 positioned on the outer end of spindle I9 retains thedog l5 in place against the outer end of cylinder 29. Suitable means forretaining the nut 23 from becoming unscrewed from the spindle areprovided, these means taking the form of radial slots 24 in the extremeend portion of spindle I9. Radial slots 24 meet centrally at a taperedaxial opening into which is screwed a tapered and threaded bronze pipeplug 24a. Such a slot and plug arrangement is shown in my copendingapplication Ser. No. 652,613, filed March 7, 1946. V I

The arms 2| and 22 welded to the ends of spindles I9 which extend beyondthe inner surface of the door frame are interconnected by means of alinkage system shown in Figures 3 and 4 for operation by operatinghandles 25 and 26 located on the inside and outside, of the door frame,respectively. The two handles 25 and 26 are fixed to the opposite endsof a spindle 21 which is journalled in and'extends through a cylinder 28which is fixed to and extends through the door frame on that portion ofthe frame which is adjacent to the swinging edge of the door.

The linkage arrangement shown is described and claimed in my copendingapplication, Serial No. 713,974, filed Dec. 4; 1946.

The linrage arrangement comprises a short arm 29 welded orotherwise'fixed to operating handle 25 near its point of attachment tospindle 21 and projecting transversely from handle 25. The short arm 29is pivoted at 30 to a short linkage bar 3| which is pivotedat its lowerend 32 to an elongated linkage member 33. The pivot point' 32is'spaced'a short distance above the lower end of member 33' and the arm2| of the dog immediately below the pivot point of the two operatinghandles 25, 26 is pivoted at a point 34 to member 33, the pivot point 34being located between pivot 32 and the lower end of the bar 33. Bar 33is pivoted at its extreme lower end to the upper end of a somewhatshorter linkage bar 35 whichfisjpivoted'at its lower end to the end of 4arm 2| of the lower right hand dog as viewed in Figure 3.

Near its upper end, bar 33 is pivoted at 35 to the arm 2| of the dogimmediately above spindle 21 and is pivoted at its extreme upper end toa bar 31. Bar 31 is pivoted atits upper end to one end ofthe cross armof T-shaped member 22 which operates the upper right hand dog, the otherend of the cross arm 22 being pivoted to a horizontal link 38. Link 38is pivoted at its other end to one end of the cross arm of the member 22located at the upper left hand corner of the door frame and the otherend of the cross arm is pivoted to a downwardly extending link 39. Link39 is pivoted at its lower end to a vertically extending link 40 whichis similar to link 33, and link 40 is pivoted at its lower end to theupper end of a link 4| which in turn is pivoted to, and operates the arm2| of the lower left hand dog.

The two intermediate dogs on the left side of the door frame areoperated by the pivotal attachment of their two arms 2| to link 40 nearits upper and lower ends. 5

When it is desired to dog the door shut, either of the operating handles25, 26 is moved to the downwardly extending position shown in Figure 3causing downward movement of the various linkage members on the rightside of the door frame as viewed in Figure 3, causing movement to theright of the transverse linkage bar 38, and causing upward movement ofthe linkage members on the left-hand side of the door frame. Thismovement of the linkage arrangement pivots the various spindles I 9which in turn move the dogs I5 to their dogged positions as shown inFigure 1. The degree of tightness with which the door is dogged shut maybe increased by increased pressure on the operating arms 25, 26 to movethe dogs onto the higher portions of cams I4.

Movement of either of the operating handles 25, 26 to the upwardlyextending position shown in Figures 2 and 4 causes a reverse movement ofthe linkage members, that is the members on the right-hand side of thedoor frame as viewed in Figure 4 are moved upwardly, transverse member38 is moved to the left, and the members on the left-hand side of thedoor frame are moved downwardly. This causes pivotal movement ofspindles I9 and moves the dogs out of contactwith cams I4 to theirundogged positions clear of the door I2 as shown in Figure 2.

Because of the fact that unless some safety means is provided, one ofthe operating handles 25 and 26 may be swung downwardly when the door isopen causing the handles and the dogs to interfere with movement throughthe opening in the door frame, it is necessary to provide some means forretaining the dogs and the operating handles in their undogged positionsat all times except when the door is shut. The provision of suchretaining means is of considerable importance in the case of doors usedon ship-board as it may become necessary to close the door in theshortest possible time as in the case where damage to a portion of theship makes it essential to seal ofi .a portion of the ship in theshortest possible time. Without safety means to retain the dogs andoperatinghandles in their undogged positions, valuable seconds would bewasted moving the mechanism to the undog ed position in case it shouldbe in the dogged position, and this delay in closing the door mightspell the difference between life and death. 1 .i

As shown in detail in Figures 5 and 6, I have 5providedzmeansicooperatlngswithibaoutsideope .eratinghandle 25.2fm:assuringithatnthe :handle and thereby the; dogsicannot abet moved'rout:zdf their undoggedpositionsrexceptwhendmeidooriis closed. It:willlbeapparent that because of the linkage system, the retention ofone of the operating handles 25, 26in a' givenmositien assures the.retentionnf the .otherhandleandall .of theinterconnected linkagemembers and dogsinntheir corresponding positions.

In the preferred' embodimerft of this retaining means-as shown inFigures :5.:a'nd 6, there isgpnoiyidedon the outside surface ofthedoorztrame El I azshort distance above the pivot point.of;:the:twobps-rating arms 25, 26, an outwardly extending :box-like supportingbracket :44 {opens alongfitlzie :edge which faces the opening:throughzithe. $61091 frame, andppen n the end remotefrome'andamoreairless-parallel to the outer surface of" the :door frame II. Thelast-mentioned open end of boxlike bracket 44 is closed by a detentmember 45 pivoted at 46 to the upper and lower walls of bracket 44 andhaving an end portion 41 which extends beyond the flange ll of doorframe H so as to extend a short distance into the path of movement ofthe door. The outside or front surface of member 45 as viewed in Figuresand 6 is formed with a projection 48, the surface of which slopes at anangle away from the opening through the door frame. A spring 49 ispositioned between the rear surface of latch 45 and the front or outersurface of door frame ll so as to urge latch 45 toward its latchingposition in which it is shown in Figure 5, but to permit pivotalmovement of latch 45 about pivot 46 to the depressed position in whichit is shown in Figure 6.

Operating handle is provided near its point of attachment to spindle 21with a latch-engaging arm 50 which extends at an acute angle to thesurface of door frame I l toward the opening within the door frame. Arm5!! cooperates at its end portion with projection 48 on pivoted latch45, there being an indentation 5| in the end of arm 50 substantiallycomplementary in configuration with the projection 48 on latch so thatarm 26 will be latched in its upwardly extending position when latch 45and arm are engaged as shown in Figure 5. The sloping surface ofprojection 48 and the angular disposition of arm 50 permit arm 50 toslide over the projection 48 on latch 45 meanwhile depressing latch 45by a cam-like action when handle 25 is moved to its upright undoggedposition as shown in Figure 5, the cam-like action causing latch 45 topivot inwardly against the pressure of spring 49 until the engagement ofprojection 48 with indentation 5| permits latch 45 to be returned to itslatching position by spring 49. This cam action would be useful inreturning the handle to its vertical position in case the operatinghandle should be moved to the dogged position with the door open bymanually depressing latch 45 to release the handle.

From Figure 6 it will be noted that the edge of door 12 is provided witha projection 54 which is adapted to cooperate with the end portion 41 ofpivoted latch 45. With the latching arrangement in the latched positionof Figure 5, the swinging of the door IE to its closed position as shownin Figure 6 causes the projection 54 to engage end portion 41 of latch45 to depress the latch and free operating arm 25 for movement to thedogging position. Projection 54 and latch 45 are so dimensioned thatthis contact does not interfere with the tight closure of the dooragainst the door frame. It will be apparent that after the handle 26 isswung to its upright undogged position" and the doorcisrspul'ledopen,:latch 45min immediately spring it'or its.latchingspositionsasxshown ,Figune Wand will thereby retain the vhandle:25 and the dogs operated'fthereby in theiriundoggedpositions;

Due to the fact that the spring 49 operates latch 45 tends 1 to urge the:door its closed position, it would-ordinarily be neces- 'sary toiholdthe door closed by hand for ar brief per ioduntil one :ofthe operatinghandles 25; 26 is swung to th'e dogging-position to d'ogfthe door shut.To alleviate this inconvenience, I have proadded-the springla'tchgenerally denoted by the numeral $5 'in' "Figures 3 and 4 andshown in detail in Figure '7' as applied to a :door construc- *tionsimilar to that-described above but hinged at theright edge of the doorwhen viewed from the inside instead of'frorn the left as in the otherfigures 'of the drawings.

-As shown' inFigure'7, the door 12 is provided with-an inwardlyextending "flange 51 about its periphery adapted to lie within andspaced a short distance from flange ll of the door frame when the dooris closed. Ihe inside surface of flange 51 at any suitable point, suchas at the upper swinging corner of the door is provided with an openhousing 58 including a central web portion 58a providing a pivotalmounting at 59 by means of a rod 60 for a latch comprising a sled-shapedmember 6| having side arms 61a. and a connecting web portion Slb. Theweb 6lb terminates short of the free ends of arms 61a which support aroller 52 positioned between the ends of the two arms 5 la.

A coil spring 63 bears against central web portion 58a of housing 58 andagainst web Nb of the latch so as to urge the latch and thereby theroller 62 toward the door frame.

On the inner surface of the door frame there is provided a small plate55 welded to the inner surface of the door frame I l and having abeveled end portion which extends beyond the inner edge of the doorframe into the opening therethrough so as to be engaged by roller 52when the door is in its closed position.

When the door is swung shut, the engagement of roller 62 with the inneredge 55 of plate 55 causes the latch to be pivoted inwardly against thetension of spring 63 so as to permit roller 62 to ride over the end 65of plate 65 and to assume its latching position as shown in Figure 7under the influence of spring 63 as soon as the door is completelyclosed.

The latch shown in Figure '7 is not intended to hold the door shut undersubstantial pressure but is only intended to hold it shut against thetension of spring 49 until the dogs can be swung to their doggingpositions. When the dogs are in their undogged positions, a light pullon handle 68 on the outside of the door (Figures 1 and 2) or a push onthe door from the inside will overcome the spring 63 and will permit thedoor to swing open moving roller 52 over the beveled end a portion 65 ofplate 55.

I wish it to be understood that I have shown and described only apreferred embodiment of the invention in accordance with the patentstatutes and I fully realize that the invention is susceptible ofnumerous modifications without departing from the inventive concept. Thein" vention is not to be limited to the preferred embodiment but isintended to cover all modifications of the invention falling within thescope of the appended claim.

r 7 I claim:

A handle detent mechanism for a dog operating handle mounted on a doorframe and movable between latching and unlatching positions, saidmechanism comprising a box-like bracket on the door frame extendingtoward said handle, said bracket being open on the side facing thedoorway and on the side facing the handle, a detent arm pivotallymounted in the open side facing the handle and having an end portion 108 to permit movement of said detent arm to a handle releasing'positionupon engagement of the door with the end portion of the detent arm asthe door moves to closed position.

FRANCIS M. LAMBERT.

REFERENCES CITED The following'references are of record in the file ofthis patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name- Date 1,105,963 Clem Aug. 4, 19141,237,602 Askerberg Aug. 21, 1917 1,257,522 Perkins Feb. 26, 19182,179,495 Court et a1. Nov. 14, 1939 2,315,239 Young Mar. 30, 19432,355,025 Arthur Aug. 1, 1944 2,378,119 Arthur June 12, 1945

